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Random Forest in Python - ML From Scratch 10

Implement a Random Forest algorithm using only built-in Python modules and numpy, and learn about the math behind this popular ML algorithm.


In this Machine Learning from Scratch Tutorial, we are going to implement a Random Forest algorithm using only built-in Python modules and numpy. We will also learn about the concept and the math behind this popular ML algorithm.

All algorithms from this course can be found on GitHub together with example tests.

Implementation

import numpy as np
from collections import Counter
from decision_tree import DecisionTree

def bootstrap_sample(X, y):
    n_samples = X.shape[0]
    idxs = np.random.choice(n_samples, n_samples, replace=True)
    return X[idxs], y[idxs]

def most_common_label(y):
    counter = Counter(y)
    most_common = counter.most_common(1)[0][0]
    return most_common


class RandomForest:

    def __init__(self, n_trees=10, min_samples_split=2,
                 max_depth=100, n_feats=None):
        self.n_trees = n_trees
        self.min_samples_split = min_samples_split
        self.max_depth = max_depth
        self.n_feats = n_feats
        self.trees = []

    def fit(self, X, y):
        self.trees = []
        for _ in range(self.n_trees):
            tree = DecisionTree(min_samples_split=self.min_samples_split,
                max_depth=self.max_depth, n_feats=self.n_feats)
            X_samp, y_samp = bootstrap_sample(X, y)
            tree.fit(X_samp, y_samp)
            self.trees.append(tree)

    def predict(self, X):
        tree_preds = np.array([tree.predict(X) for tree in self.trees])
        tree_preds = np.swapaxes(tree_preds, 0, 1)
        y_pred = [most_common_label(tree_pred) for tree_pred in tree_preds]
        return np.array(y_pred)

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