Gradient Descent Using Autograd - PyTorch Beginner 05
In this part we will learn how we can use the autograd engine in practice. First we will implement Linear regression from scratch, and then we will learn how PyTorch can do the gradient calculation for us.
Learn all the basics you need to get started with this deep learning framework! In this part we will learn how we can use the autograd engine in practice. First we will implement Linear regression from scratch, and then we will learn how PyTorch can do the gradient calculation for us.
- Linear Regression from scratch
- Use Pytorch's autograd and backpropagation to calculate gradients
All code from this course can be found on GitHub.
Backpropagation Manually¶
import numpy as np
# Compute every step manually
# Linear regression
# f = w * x
# here : f = 2 * x
X = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4], dtype=np.float32)
Y = np.array([2, 4, 6, 8], dtype=np.float32)
w = 0.0
# model output
def forward(x):
return w * x
# loss = MSE
def loss(y, y_pred):
return ((y_pred - y)**2).mean()
# J = MSE = 1/N * (w*x - y)**2
# dJ/dw = 1/N * 2x(w*x - y)
def gradient(x, y, y_pred):
return np.dot(2*x, y_pred - y).mean()
print(f'Prediction before training: f(5) = {forward(5):.3f}')
# Training
learning_rate = 0.01
n_iters = 20
for epoch in range(n_iters):
# predict = forward pass
y_pred = forward(X)
# loss
l = loss(Y, y_pred)
# calculate gradients
dw = gradient(X, Y, y_pred)
# update weights
w -= learning_rate * dw
if epoch % 2 == 0:
print(f'epoch {epoch+1}: w = {w:.3f}, loss = {l:.8f}')
print(f'Prediction after training: f(5) = {forward(5):.3f}')
Backpropagation with Autograd¶
import torch
# Here we replace the manually computed gradient with autograd
# Linear regression
# f = w * x
# here : f = 2 * x
X = torch.tensor([1, 2, 3, 4], dtype=torch.float32)
Y = torch.tensor([2, 4, 6, 8], dtype=torch.float32)
w = torch.tensor(0.0, dtype=torch.float32, requires_grad=True)
# model output
def forward(x):
return w * x
# loss = MSE
def loss(y, y_pred):
return ((y_pred - y)**2).mean()
print(f'Prediction before training: f(5) = {forward(5).item():.3f}')
# Training
learning_rate = 0.01
n_iters = 100
for epoch in range(n_iters):
# predict = forward pass
y_pred = forward(X)
# loss
l = loss(Y, y_pred)
# calculate gradients = backward pass
l.backward()
# update weights
#w.data = w.data - learning_rate * w.grad
with torch.no_grad():
w -= learning_rate * w.grad
# zero the gradients after updating
w.grad.zero_()
if epoch % 10 == 0:
print(f'epoch {epoch+1}: w = {w.item():.3f}, loss = {l.item():.8f}')
print(f'Prediction after training: f(5) = {forward(5).item():.3f}')
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